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The following is a list of phonemes that will alter the effect of a note in a certain way. It is possible to use a Vocaloid without having to ever touch these set sof data, however, use of them within a song can improve the results of a Vocaloid's ability to sound humanistic. In all cases, the data has to be entered manually through the note properties selection.

VocaloidEdit

The following were added to Vocaloids during this era.

• [*in] and [*out] are used to mimick a singer inhaling and exhaling while singing. Because the singer is breathing out as they sing, there actually is little need for [*out] and its usage is more limited.
• [Asp] seems to be thought as an slot for a Breathing sample, however not all the first generation voicebanks seems to have. In the case of these ones it seems to alter the way how the sound is rendered, affecting the pronunciation.

Vocaloid 2Edit

Both English and Japanese Vocaloids had access to some or all of the following.

NotesEdit

• [Asp]
  • "Asp" is short for "aspiration".
  • [Asp] seems to be an empty slot in the phonetic system carried from the first version of Vocaloid. However as empty slot, it affects the way how the sound is rendered, thus affecting the pronunciation. Normally applies to vowels rather then consonants .
  • This one can be used as a blending phoneme, allowing to correct some choppy phoneme combinations, a common problem in the Japanese voicebanks. There is less need for [Asp] in English voicebanks and its use is much more limited, on the other hand, [Sil] is much more useful to them.
• [-]
  • The reason why Japanese Vocaloids do not use [-] is there is no need for this in Japanese Vocaloids due to the way the language works. English Vocaloids cannot connect certain pronounications without this and it helps smooth the transactions across notes, whereas Japanese Vocaloids can fit each pronounication in each single note.
• [R]
  • Big Al's use of [R] is much more limited then other English Vocaloids.
  • For Japanese Vocaloids it's possible blend succesive flaps into a trill, producing a sound similar to [R].
• Breaths
  • These replace the [*in] and [*out] phonetics of Vocaloid, with the exception that the majority of Vocaloids for Vocaloid 2 have inhaling sounds, with the exception of Big Al who has grunts and exhaling sounds.
  • With the breathes ([br1] to [br5]) in Vocaloid 2, there is one particular glitch to note. If several are placed together side by side with no breaks between them then depending on the note length, not all of them may be sounded out. Breaths are use to imitate the singer drawing in breaths before singing, therefore you rarely use more then one or two together anyway.

Vocaloid 3Edit

Some of the extra codes for English, Japanese, Korean and Spanish Vocaloids.

NotesEdit

• [Asp]
  • "Asp" is short for "aspiration" and normally applies to consonants rather then vowels.
  • In Vocaloid3 it seems [Asp] it can't be used as a blending phoneme.
• [Sil]
  • Typing っ into the lyrics will put this phoneme.
  • Initial ㅇ = N (silent consonant/glottal stop) and Final ㅇ = Np (retroflex nasal consonant) work for Korean Vocaloids in place of [Sil]
• [-]
  • Japanese Vocaloids now can use this phonetic data, however, they do not require [-] too much due to the way the language works. For Japanese Vocaloids it changes the pronunciation (particularly the stress or attack), due this one extend the vowel's sound instead input a new vowel sample. ^[6]
  • Other languages such as English cannot connect certain pronounications in Vocaloid without this and it helps smooth the transactions across notes. ^[7]
  • Sonika experiences a sound glitch when imported to V3 if the [-] comes after a vowel and an h phoneme such as [{ h]^[8].
• [R]
  • Big Al's use of [R] is much more limited then other English Vocaloids.
  • For Vocaloids of languages that lacks the alveolar trill (like Japanese and Korean), it's possible blend succesive flaps into a trill, producing a sound similar to [R].
• Breaths
  • With the breathes ([br1] to [br5]) in Vocaloid 2, there is one particular glitch to note. If several are placed together side by side with no breaks between them then depending on the note length, not all of them may be sounded out. Breaths are use to imitate the singer drawing in breathes before singing, therefore you rarely use more then one or two together anyway.
  • Most of the Vocaloids now insert their breaths via WAV sample insert, removing the need for [br1] - [br5], however, Vocaloids like Oliver still can make use of the Vocaloid 2 system.
• [*_0]
  • There is little use for the Devoiced Sonorant [*_0] in English Vocaloids due to the way the language works. In the English language, most Sonorants are voiced sounds rather then voiceless sounds and those that are are already in use in amongst diaphonetic and phonetic data the X-SAMPA system of Vocaloid.
  • Many producers have found this particular phonetic data useful in extending the Vocaloids language capablities. For example, with a Japanese Vocaloid it allows them to produce a much closer level of English capablities then in Vocaloid 2.
  • The Vocaloid 3 software is capable of making the Devoiced Sonorant ([*_0]) out of Phonetics the voicebanks already have for vocaloid 2 voicebanks. It is unknown if this is also how the sounds are obtained from Vocaloid 3 voicebanks. The Devoiced sound is difficult to record as it is not easily made by speakers of a language and deliberate construction of the noise is almost impossible anyway.
• [?]
  • [?] greatly increases a Vocaloids potential capablities by allowing them to mimick certain dialects such as Cockney, North America and Scottish English.
  • In Japanese, glottal stops occur at the end of interjections of surprise or anger, and are represented by the character っ. However adding っ into the lyrics will input [Sil] a phoneme instead.
  • The Korean has a different symbol for the glottal stop, being replaced by [N].

External LinksEdit

• Example of Breathing Phonetics in use
• Example of rolling phonetic in use

ReferencesEdit

Please note we are waiting for more information on some languages

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